Calorie

A calorie is a unit of energy that tells you how much heat it takes to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius. In terms of nutrition, the "calories" we see on food labels are actually kilocalories (kcal), which are 1,000 of those small scientific calories. The macronutrients in our diet, like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, give us this energy. The body breaks them down through metabolic processes to power everything from involuntary functions like heartbeats and cell repair to physical activities like walking or working out.

The body uses a system of energy balance to deal with these calories. When you eat calories, your body either uses them right away for energy or stores them as glycogen in your muscles and liver or as fat (adipose tissue) for later use. Your Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) tells you how many calories your body needs to function at rest. When you exercise or eat, your body uses more energy to digest food, which raises your total daily expenditure. When you eat more calories than your body burns, you enter a caloric surplus, which makes you gain weight. On the other hand, when you eat fewer calories than you burn, you enter a caloric deficit, which makes your body use stored energy and lose weight.

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